Battle at Canossa essays

Fight at Canossa articles At the gathering in Canossa between Henry IV and Gregory VII, it might give the idea that Gregory had been triumphant. He demonstrated his control over the lord by banishing him and denying him his seat until he gave compensation. However, in fact, Henry was the victor. By saying he was upset for his wrongdoings by the doing of his compensation, the pope had no other decision than to acknowledge Henry back to the congregation and back to his seat. In the event that a delinquent goes to the pope and requests absolution, the pope is committed by his otherworldly obligations to excuse him. Gregory would not like to acknowledge Henry back on his own will, yet rather the desire of God and of the individuals. The popes control over the ruler was restricted. The standoff at Canossa was not the finish of the showdowns among Gregory and Henry. Germany and Italy were at fight between one another and Germany had chosen their own lord, Rudolph of Swabia, the counter ruler. Gregory VII had again attempted to ban Henry IV, however right now he had no control over the lord for the individuals had betrayed the pope. The clerics had chosen another pope, the counter pope. Unfeeling and terrible common war proceeded. Henry and Rudolph struggled against one another and Rudolph was executed. After the demise of Rudolph, Henry went to Rome and vanquished it. He likewise introduced an enemy of pope who delegated Henry ruler. Consequently, Gregory called for help to the Normans in northern Italy. They consented to help and showed Henry out of Rome. The Normans were maddened that Rome gave up to the popes foes so they carried out a few severe wrongdoings against the Romans. The Romans accused these demonstrations of ruthlessness for Gregory and thusly he made a trip back to northern Italy with the Normans to look for asylum. The battle of lay inauguration was as yet not finished. A trade off couldn't be reached until 1122 AD. This understanding was the Concordat of Worms. Popes were presently accountable for contributing the ministers with the images of profound office. The e... <!

Reflection on Refusal of Treatment Free Essays

The reason for this paper is to choose an episode which happened during clinical arrangement and to talk about and consider it so as to improve future practice. To do this, the system of the Marks-Moran and Rose Model of Reflection (1997) will be utilized. Using the four phases of this model, I will portray the occurrence, give an intelligent perception, examine related hypothesis and finish up with considerations for any future activities. We will compose a custom paper test on Reflection on Refusal of Treatment or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now Any patient examined will be given a nom de plume guarantee persistent secrecy as depicted by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NC) (2010). During an ongoing position in an Endoscope day unit, I met Mrs. Smith who was going to experience a Gastropod. She had a past filled with heartburn and had been alluded for the methodology as an outpatient however had not gone to her Pre-Admission Clinic arrangement. Upon her appearance, myself and a staff nurture took pattern perceptions and talked with the patient to guarantee that she had fasted from 12 PM which was essential for the methodology. On exhorting her on sedation, I educated her that she had two alternatives. The main was a throat shower to numb the neighborhood she could leave very quickly thereafter. The second was sedation and absense of pain as Fontanel and Modally which would be given through intravenous collection; be that as it may, she would need to stay with us for a few hours post strategy. Mrs. Smith started to freeze and turned out to be very angry. She expressed that she had been under the feeling that she would be given a general sedative and would be sleeping the whole time. I clarified that the specialist expected her to be alert for this methodology and that general sedative was impossible. Mrs. Smith at that point expressed that she was pulling back her agree and wished to leave. The staff nurture who had been watching me quickly assumed control over the discussion and enticed to quiet down the patient. She prompted me to accompany Mrs. Smith to the private seating territory that was saved for conferences yet not to offer her anything to drink; Just on the off chance that she adjusted her perspective on the Gastropod proceeding. When we were all in security, the medical attendant at that point plunked down and asked Mrs. Smith why she was so terrified. Mrs. Smith expressed that she had known about inconveniences engaged with Stereoscopes and she would prefer not face the challenge. The attendant clarified that the danger of a genuine occurrence was incredibly uncommon and even under the least favorable conditions, she may experience the ill effects of an irritated throat and gastric swelling a short time later. Mrs. Smith was provided with a data booklet and we permitted her some an opportunity to process the entirety of the data that she had been given and guaranteed her that any inquiries she needed to posture would be replied. A short time later, she expressed that she despite everything would not like to experience the system and that she needed to return home. Now, the medical attendant exhorted that she should come back to her PCP and educate him that she had not experienced the test. Mrs. Smith was likewise prompted that she could return sometime in the not too distant future on the off chance that she so wished and, at that point she left the center. During my clarification of the strategy, I felt proficient enough to completely clarify what it involved. Be that as it may, when Mrs. Smith started to freeze, I lost a portion of my certainty as this was something that I had not looked previously. Consequently, I felt unfit to quiet Mrs. Smith down as I was deficient with regards to involvement with this situation. I was satisfied that the medical attendant going with me took over in a moment. I felt to see this. As I tuned in to the medical attendant, I noticed the good faith showed by the attendant when she educated me not to give refreshments to the patient. At the point when I later scrutinized her on this issue, she disclosed to me that she had been similarly situated any occasions previously. Mrs. Smith was able enough to practice her entitlement to reject treatment. This is the good and moral right of each patient insofar as they are considered to have the psychological ability to settle on such a decision (Griffith and Teenage 2012). A clinical expert can't drive a patient to experience a strategy without wanting to. Be that as it may, the professional must talk about all treatment alternatives, hand-off the right data and permit the patient opportunity to arrive to an autonomous and educated choice (Ellen et al 2012). The term â€Å"Autonomy’ supports the patient’s moral and good option to pick which way of treatment, assuming any, that they will follow. Glibber and Kingston (2012) express that the patients’ independence is in the clinician’s hands under pressure of demonstrable skill and nursing morals, our recommendation and data is answerable for any choice reached. In this occasion, Mrs. Smith was taken to a private seating region where a medical caretaker serenely talked her through the methodology finally, addressing any inquiries and furthermore educated her regarding the factual dangers of a Gastropod which were her greatest concern. By doing this, the medical attendant wowed that she was empathic to the concerns of the patient and furthermore did her most extreme to save persistent secrecy, just as, giving an abundance of data going before the refusal of treatment (Torrance et al 2012). It was evident from the response of Mrs. Smith that she had foreseen treatment under a general sedative at her arrangement. When perusing her notes past to confirmation, I understood that she had not gone to the pre-affirmation center. Had she gone to this past arrangement, she would have been given all the data required for her proposed treatment. She would have been informed completely on sedation, the nuts and bolts of the strategy and numerous different components steady with treatment. Claritin et al (2009) portrays pre-affirmation centers as a need to give the right data and give patients an opportunity to think and summary before introducing at emergency clinic for a methodology. Proof shows that pre-affirmation facilities have diminished the occurrences of inability to go to arrangements and that patients are progressively associated with their consideration, which energizes a higher pace of recuperation and lessens feelings of anxiety pre-operatively (Mitchell 2008). Knox et al (2009) additionally recommended that the execution if these centers have considerably diminished the occasions of refusal of treatment because of progressively precise data being given in a happy with setting at an increasingly loosened up time. On the off chance that Mrs. Smith had gone to the pre-confirmation arrangement, she would have been given all the data and had the option to pose any inquiries that she wished. Along these lines she would have known that she would not be offered a general sedative and a more profound comprehension of the method. In this manner this may have brought about helping Mrs. Smith concerning educated assent. The medical attendants working inside the facility were all very knowledgeable in the methodology and invited any inquiries. When Mrs. Smith started to stress, there was adequate proof close by as a patient data direct just as an educated medical caretaker. In an investigation led by Amtrak (201 1), patients were seen as increasingly agreeable when within the sight of a learned medical caretaker. Patients generally speaking inferred that this gathering to profit by this. Postural et al (2010) proposes that the encounters picked up by attendants in specific zones are useful to the expectation to learn and adapt of understudy inclinations and their insight is a significant instrument in the creation of a further developed social insurance framework. On account of Mrs. Smith, the attendant exceptionally instructed around there and had the option to adequately help the patient in settling on a completely educated decision without being destitute regarding any realities. Moser et al (2007) depicts this methodology as â€Å"a exceptionally viable method of accomplishing tolerant autonomy’. In this situation, the medical attendant was taking into account Mrs. Smith’s above all else care prerequisites. During my intelligent perceptions of this involvement with my preparation, I have understood that there is nothing rater than information and experience to help patients with numerous parts of their consideration. On account of Mrs. Smith, the way where her inquiries were addressed was careful and educational. In any case, the patients’ option to pick was clearly the fundamental need. Mrs. Smith was never pressured, all data required was close by and provided immediately. The medical caretaker guaranteed that she was able to deny the treatment and prompted on the best way to continue following the refusal. An undeniable exertion to quiet the patient was made and the security managed by the private seating zone father a colossal contrast in permitting her to process all data that she had been given. The medical attendant settled on a thoughtful choice by encouraging me not to offer refreshments if there should arise an occurrence of a choice to continue, be that as it may, this didn't happen. Looking back, I have understood that I have a long and hard street to go before I am equipped for the degree of care that I might want to give my patients. I can draw from this experience and I can see that having the right data is an absolute necessity while simultaneously monitoring the patients’ emotions and offering them an educated and included decision in their consideration. I have likewise come to comprehend the significance and prerequisite for centers, for example, pre-affirmation. These centers are imperative in decreasing patient uneasiness, guaranteeing that patients have all the right data and completely comprehend their proposed methodology preceding introducing for treatment. The most effective method to refer to Reflection on Refusal of Treatment, Papers

Arguing With Your Essay Topic

Arguing With Your Essay TopicThere are a number of different D&D argumentative essay topics for beginners. This is because, as with any other type of essay, there is always room for improvement and the writer of the essay must not be put off by this. A good number of people have been writing essays on the d&d for many years now and there is no reason why you can't do the same. As long as you have an idea and the basic skills to write well, the opportunities are there.One of the most important ideas to remember is that if you want to write a good essay on D&D, it is not enough to just have a general idea about the game. You have to know the characters well enough to have a good feel for them. The other essential idea is to be able to have a good idea of what the game is all about. It is very likely that you will have a pretty good idea of the basics of D&D but the better you get the more you will understand about the game. This will also be useful in your essay.Of cour se, it is very much true that the major topic of the essay is the game of D&D. But it is not necessary to go straight from this to the characters, the world and so on. This may be too 'full' of information and it will not be easy to keep all the material together. One idea is to divide the essay into two parts.If you are planning to have a little more detail in your argumentative essay topic, start at the beginning. For example, if you are discussing the history of the game and the characters, this is where you should start. And this will help you stay on track. From here, you can branch out and talk about the campaigns or the setting in greater detail.Next, begin the character creation process. Be sure to also talk about the combat and tactical decisions you make, both of which will be important elements of the plot of the essay. If you are going to cover all of this in detail, you might consider starting the essay after the first section about character creation. This will all ow you to take up this topic more fully.You will also need to talk about some of the races of D&D, which is something many writers avoid talking about. They focus too much on the DMing, which in itself is not really helpful to the reader. However, this topic will help you in your essay. The essay will not be complete without it.In conclusion, remember that the goal of the essay is to help the reader to make an informed decision about the game of D&D. By providing a good argument, you will help your reader to reach a conclusion.

Use of Electronic Medical Records - 1800 Words

Electronic Medical Records/ Electronic Health Records and Registration Medication Reconciliation I. Statement of the Business Scenario The Inner City Clinic is experiencing problems with medication prescribing errors and seeks a resolution to this problem through use of electronic medical records and registration medication reconciliation. The Institute of Medicine reports in the work entitled Preventing Medication Errors that the average hospitalized patient is subject to at least one medication per day. This is reported to confirm previous research findings that medication errors represent the most common patient safety error. (Barnsteiner, nd, p.1) Medication reconciliation is described as follows: Medication reconciliation is the process of comparing a patients medication orders to all of the medications that the patient has been taking. This reconciliation is done to avoid medication errors such as omissions, duplications, dosing errors, or drug interactions. It should be done at every transition of care in which new medications are ordered or existing orders are rewritten. Transitions in care include changes in setting, service, practitioner, or level of care. (Barnsteiner, nd, p.1) There are reported to be five steps in this process stated as follows: (1) develop a list of current medications; (2) develop a list of medications to be prescribed; (3) compare the medications on the two lists; (4) make clinical decisions based on the comparison;Show MoreRelatedPhysicians Use Of Electronic Medical Records : Barriers And Solutions1548 Words   |  7 PagesPhysicians’ Use of Electronic Medical Records: Barriers and Solutions Michelle Nance MIS/566 June 21, 2015 Professor Joseph Woodside Abstract Instead of using paper based records, technology allows physicians to use the electronic medical record (EMR) that improves the quality of programs. By using the EMR, this is not easy nor is it low cost. Physicians’ have to use this method as their daily task. There are some barriers that has been identified with the use of the EMR by the physiciansRead MoreUse Of Electronic Medical Records From Emergency Departments ( Ed )915 Words   |  4 Pagesis for abdominal pain, chest pain, fever, headache and back pain (Mutter Clancy, 2014). Doctors and the other healthcare providers in the ED use electronic medical records (EMRs), rapid blood/urine testing, and diagnostic procedures such as; X-ray, CT scan, MRI to decide if a patient requires inpatient or outpatient care (Free et al., 2013). They also use other tools such as; telemetry, bedside sonography, point of care tests, and clinical decision aids for quick decision (Free et al., 2013). TheRead MoreAdvantages and Disadva ntages of Using Electronic Medical Records1237 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Electronic Medical Records: Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) are computerized clinical records that are created in care delivery organizations like hospitals and physicians offices. Since their discovery, electronic medical records have been increasingly used by primary care physicians as a way to effectively manage the huge number of patient information. Many physicians and hospital staffs have stated that the EMR systems have had a huge impact on their management of patients records and theirRead MoreEvaluation Of The Medical Patient Records944 Words   |  4 PagesDocumentation in the healthcare setting is the materials that provides official information or evidence that serves has a record. (Merriam-Webster Dictionary) Yesterday healthcare organizations depended on verbal and written reporting to serve as a tool for continuity of care for patients. 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Under the HIPPA law, there are still concerns with the protection of patient privacy; therefore, healthcare professionals must confront the growing technological environment and find ways to increase access security, as well as discipline employees that violate a patient’s privacy. Electronic health records can be beneficial to providers from a cost and efficiency standpoint, but are patients reallyRead MoreElectronic Health Re cords And The Healthcare Field946 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction The major change from traditional systems to electronic record systems in the healthcare field within the last couple decades has made a huge impact. Patient records, risk management, planning, staff, and more in the organization are affected by the IT staff. â€Å"The penetration of Internet access, mobile technologies and social networks collectively offer a future in which it is possible to deliver highly personalized care without necessarily having to do it in person, or even with aRead MoreEssay On Electronic Health Record1358 Words   |  6 PagesAn Electronic Health Record is an electronic version of a patient medical history, that is maintained by the provider over time, and may include key administrative, clinical data relevant to that persons care under a health care provider, including demographics, progress notes, problems, medications, vital signs, past medical history, immunizations, laboratory data and radiology reports (â€Å"Electronic Health Records,† cms. gov, March 26, 2012). In 2009, the Health Information Technology for Economic

Schizophrenia - Informative Speech - 1514 Words

Schizophrenia Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about schizophrenia and its consequences. Central Idea: Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder that affects millions of people and it should not be underestimated or ignored. Introduction I. Does anyone have a friend who hears voices that nobody else hears, sees things that nobody else sees or believes that people are controlling his mind and trying to plot against him? A. Well, I do. B. I have a close friend, Ash, who was diagnosed with schizophrenia at an age of 23 earlier this year. C. The news was shocking and it fueled my longstanding curiosity towards this disorder. II. I want to inform my audience of schizophrenia which according to†¦show more content†¦1. The extent to which these factors cause schizophrenia is till widely debated and is a controversial topic till date. 2. A strong family history of mental disorders is considered as a highly probable cause of schizophrenia, while those who are much less genetically vulnerable are believed to catch the disorder through environment stressors during their lives. B. Another belief is that processes in early neurodevelopment are important, particularly during pregnancy. A woman going through psychological trauma or starvation during pregnancy increases the chances of a new-born child to develop schizophrenia. VII. Recent scientific research suggests that it may be possible to prevent many cases of schizophrenia. A. It can be done through actions taken during pregnancy as well as by actions throughout early childhood and later in life. B. Such prevention factors can be especially important for people who know they have a family history of mental illness. C. Apart from causes, there are substances that trigger an attack of the disorder. 1. Some of the more common triggers are the illegal drugs like cannabis, lsd, amphetamines and cocaine. 2. If you suspect symptoms of the disorder, these drugs could hasten the process of developing severe schizophrenia. Ironically, nicotine is supposed to help patients with cognitive dysfunctions. VIII. Now that weShow MoreRelatedDisorganized Schizophrenia and Methodist Unity Point752 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Megan Noll COMM 110 Informative Paper SCHIZOPHRENIA Schizophrenia affects approximately 2.5 million Americans and more than 24 million people worldwide (Janssen). Schizophrenia is a brain disorder that is very difficult to live with. Schizophrenia has strong hereditary component (Smith, Segal). 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However, individuals with post-lingual deafness normally only have verbal speech as a means of communication. It is for this reason they will need support in order to communicate effectively. Sight loss Sight plays an important role in communication. More than 90 per cent of what we communicate is through non-verbal communication

Analysis of Foreign Market-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Explain why your selected Country would be a good choice for Investors.Propose three industries, and why you have chosen them and then why you have opted for the specific Industry to which the speech is related. Answer: Introduction This report is based on the market analysis of a specific country and to examine the potential of the country to attract foreign investors. The country chosen for this analysis is Canada. Canada is located in the North America. This is the second-largest country in the world with respect to the land area. Canada shares its border in the southern part with the United States. Canada has an environment, which is quite welcoming for any type of business, and it has awarded to be second best as a country to perform business activities (Arriaga et al. 661-670). This country has shown huge growth in the years 2006 to 2015 and the access to its market is also huge. The workforce in Canada is the most educated group of professionals. The tax related to the business activities is low which facilitates any type of business in this country. The banking system of the country is sound and safe. This proves that Canada is an ideal place for investors to invest in their business operations and any type of industry (Behrens, Kristian and Bougna 13-27). Discussion about the market analysis of a foreign country Explaination the choice of the specific country Investment decisions in foreign market need to be taken after considering many factors. The organization needs to design a separate marketing plan for the export industry. The plan needs to address all the issues regarding the reach to a new audience and the ways to adjust to the cultural changes related to the foreign market. Extensive research needs to done before the ultimate decision of investing in the market is taken. The analysis of the competition in the market is required, so that the company can prepare itself regarding the competition they can face in the market. Canada has shown huge economic growth in the recent years. This growth has provided many opportunities for foreign investors in the country (International.gc.ca). In the last few years, the foreign investment has risen in Canada and the United States has a significant part in these investments. The Asian investors have also increased investments in Canada almost over 90%. China is responsible for 60% of the industrial growth of Canada. The drop in the value of the Canadian dollar is attracting more and more foreign investors who wish to take the cost advantage. Canada has much strength related to the competition in the market. The main advantages of the country are the location, a diverse economy, natural resources, high quality of education, institutional and political stability. The relationship of Canada with the United States is one of the main factors that attract foreign investors (Borrini-Feyerabend et al.). The country has abundant natural resources and is the largest manufacturer and exporter of Uranium and has huge reserves. This country also proves to be the worlds highest producer of potash. Canada holds the second position in the world in terms of the generation of hydroelectricity and has the third position in terms of the producer of natural gas. Canada has the position of the largest supplier of petroleum products, crude oil and natural gas. Canada also manufactures oil sands, which amounts to1.2 million barrels of sands per day (Ellabban et al. 748-764). The economic base of Canada is diverse. Other than petroleum and mineral resources, there are many other industries in Canada, which include forestry, agriculture and fisheries. The population of this country is highly educated, as there are large numbers of universities in Canada. Canada has a reputation internationally for the credibility and integrity with the help of qualities like diplomacy and strong leadership. Canada proves itself to have a competitive advantage the world with the help of prudent fiscal policies and monetary policies that are credible. The political stability of the country is another factor that facilitates the foreign investments (Holburn 654-665). Proposal of three industries related to the specific countries Canada is a country with a variety of industrial sectors, which include aerospace, automotive, bioproducts, biopharmaceuticals, business services, chemicals and plastics, digital media, financial services, functional foods, equipment and machinery, medical devices, mining industries, gas and oil, renewable energy, software and wireless communications (International.gc.ca). The three industries that are chosen to attract foreign industries are digital media industry, renewable energy and the automotive industry. Canada mainly offers the strategic location to the foreign investors in the most prominent are in the one of the largest and most profitable markets in the world in the automotive sector. The market access and integration into the automotive super cluster in the Great Lakes are of Canada is seamless. This sector has employed around 117,00 employees in the year 2013. Canada is the part of the North American fully integrated automobile market with sales of around 20 million vehicles and production of around 16 million units annually (Liu et al. 222-229). Canada also has an advantage related to the cost of labor as compared to the US. Canada has access to some of most important and largest markets of the automotive sector in the world. The supply sector of the Canadian automotive industry is also well established, as they have long relationships with many of the car manufacturers who are the leaders in the industry (MacAvoy et al.) The digital media industry is another blooming industry in the Canadian markets. This industry is identified as the leader in the world with respect to the development of video games, visual effects and animation. This industry employs more than 50,000 employees and thereby generates annual revenue amounting to 7.5 billion and this makes the country the leader in investment destinations. The business costs offered by Canada are the lowest with respect to the digital entertainment and development of video games (Moran). Canada enjoys the advantage related to cost of labor required in the production of digital products that are interactive, visual effects or animation. The best-selling console games are designed by the Canadian studios. The gaming industry of Canada is the most booming industry, which contributes to the GDP of the country. This proves that foreign investment in this industry will also be successful (Arriaga et al.). The industry of renewable energy in Canada offers many opportunities to foreign investors. The industry of renewable energy in Canada is a strong market that provides a lot of scope to the foreign investors related to the development of technology and the supply related to energy generation, energy distribution and the storage of energy. Around 65% of the total amount of electricity that originates in Canada is related to renewable sources of energy. The renewable energy accounts for a larger share of the capacity of electricity generation of Canada. This is facilitated by the abundance of natural resources in Canada (Behrens, Kristian and Bougna 13-27). The coastlines of Canada are long and the country also has a land mass which is vast and this gives the country the best solar and wind resources required for the generation of renewable energy. Canada has one of the biggest regional and domestic market and is ranked 6th in the world with respect to the consumption power of electricity (Holburn). This industry has shown huge growth in Canada and the solar capacity in an annual basis is expected to increase by three times within 2025. This country is the leader in the world in performing R D, which is collaborative in nature. This industry provides huge opportunities to create successful partnerships between universities, industries, government and facilities used for testing (Borrini-Feyerabend et al.). This explanation shows that the three industries namely, automotive industry, digital media industry and the renewable resources industry are the most promising industries in Canada and have the potential to attract foreign investors. Explain the choice of the specific industry According to the study of the different industries, it can be derived that the renewable energy industry in Canada is the most blooming industry. The abundance of the natural resources in Canada facilitates the huge production of renewable energy in this country. Canada is recognized as the leader in the world in the renewable energy sector. About 18.9% of the total energy required by Canada is fulfilled by the renewable energy industry. The most abundant source of renewable energy in Canada is the moving water, second largest source of renewable energy is the wind and third position is held by the energy produced by biomass. The solar and wind energy are the two sources of energy, which are the fastest growing electricity sources in Canada (Ellabban et al. 748-764). Conclusion The report can be concluded by stating that the renewable source of energy is the most booming market in Canada that is viable for foreign investment. The reason being that the natural resources available in Canada are abundant. The country has a huge landmass and the geographical dimensions are diverse. The renewable resources available in the country can be used by the foreign investors to the optimum level so that the profits can be generated. Hydroelectricity holds the highest position as the source of renewable energy in Canada. The next important contribution to renewable energy is done by bio-energy and wind energy. As the non-renewable sources of energy in the world are on the verge of exhausting, the renewable energy industry can prove to be a profitable area of investing. Moreover, with the abundance of natural resources, Canada can prove to be a profitable market in this industry for the foreign investors. References Arriaga, Mariano, Claudio A. Caizares, and Mehrdad Kazerani. "Renewable energy alternatives for remote communities in Northern Ontario, Canada."IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy4.3 (2013): 661-670. Behrens, Kristian, and Thophile Bougna. "An anatomy of the geographical concentration of Canadian manufacturing industries."Cahier de recherche/Working paper(2013): 13-27. Borrini-Feyerabend, Grazia, et al.Sharing power: A global guide to collaborative management of natural resources. Routledge, 2013. Ellabban, Omar, Haitham Abu-Rub, and Frede Blaabjerg. "Renewable energy resources: Current status, future prospects and their enabling technology."Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews39 (2014): 748-764. Holburn, Guy LF. "Assessing and managing regulatory risk in renewable energy: Contrasts between Canada and the United States."Energy Policy45 (2012): 654-665. International.gc.ca. "Automotive - Invest In Canada."GAC. N.p., 2017. Web. 2 Nov. 2017. Liu, Tingting, et al. "Potential and impacts of renewable energy production from agricultural biomass in Canada."Applied Energy130 (2014): 222-229. MacAvoy, Paul W., et al., eds.Privatization and state-owned enterprises: lessons from the United States, Great Britain and Canada. Vol. 6. Springer Science Business Media, 2012. Moran, Theodore. "Foreign direct investment."The Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Globalization(2012). Stokes, Leah C. "The politics of renewable energy policies: The case of feed-in tariffs in Ontario, Canada."Energy Policy56 (2013): 490-500. Warren, Fiona J., and Donald Stanley Lemmen.Canada in a changing climate: Sector perspectives on impacts and adaptation. Natural Resources Canada, 2014. Wstenhagen, Rolf, and Emanuela Menichetti. "Strategic choices for renewable energy investment: Conceptual framework and opportunities for further research."Energy Policy40 (2012): 1-10.

The Mind and the Body

Is mind and the body the same? The historical perception of the distinction between the body and mind is traceable back to the Greek philosophers. In a close link to Rene Descartes’ theory (1650), the principal of philosophy claims that the human being compromises for the mind and body, which seem to be two distinct and separate substances.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Mind and the Body specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On comparison, the mind does the thinking and thus is the source of reasoning, recognizing, desiring, consciousness and willpower, but it is distinctively immaterial and physically un-extendable. Conversely, the body is material and extendable to accommodate feelings and sensation. Many theories distinguish the body and mind but in most instances end-up creating the â€Å"mind-body problem,† thus the need for discussions or counterarguments. Thesis/Problem statement  "To think that the mind and the body are distinct substances creates problems, yet to think that they are the same offers no solution either.† This is a research investigating and analyzing the different arguments on philosophical nature of the mind and body by various philosophers, with the aim of providing a personal point of view regarding the subject matter. Purpose/Significance of the study The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the consequences and key concepts involved in the development of the mind-body philosophy and offer personal suggestions or opinions over the issue of relationship between the mind and body. Objectives of the study This term paper lays down the need for researching the background of the understanding of various theories over the relationship as presented by different great philosophers such as Rene Descartes, John Locke, Leibnitz and, Mauriee Merleau-Ponty. The study is equally an assessment of other issues in relation to personal understan ding of the topic. Significance of the study The key topics to be covered entail the focus over relationship between the mind and the body. This is in the aim of finding the reasonable argument and conclusion The Procedure of the Study/Research Methodology The paper highly utilizes the literature reviews to enable better understanding of the topic. Preparation of the research over the chosen topic also enhances and quantifies the research as a study topic and prepare for respondents.Advertising Looking for term paper on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Information collected will equally tabulate and assist in ranking the findings form various philosophers over a wide period, and help to narrow the scope to the objectives of the study analysis. The analysis will then draw the conclusion from generally analyzed data in the literature review. The research findings will entail data collected through websites analysing t he concerns of some philosophers, as well as books concern with the study area and, observation of the proceedings over the specified data collection period. For the study analysis, the collected data and studies discerns patterns and formulate principles that might guide future action of the study subject. In this case-study of mind and body the research checks the background information, progress, surveillance and examination of current state of matter and the involvement with other related cases. The analysis of records regarding internal as well as external consequences is equally important. Comparison of various philosophical points of views offers better understanding and analysis. This term paper will therefore attempt to find or describe aspects of the relationship between the mind and body as theories of various philosophers explain. Background of the union between the mind and body There are various theories explaining how the treatment of exceptional aspects fit into Desc artes’ theory of material dualism, which forms a strong basis, ever the debate concerning the relationship between the body and the mind. The theory however lacks full explanation of the interaction or union, thus the tentative results. Various other philosophers have emerged with different perspectives concerning the debate nullifying or supporting the possible facet of Descartes’ philosophy. There are many misconceptions between the union of the body and mind, and the general casual interaction among the Descartes’ readers. Recent philosophers have indicated a strong curious expression with regard to the substantiated unison or intermingling of the body and mind, indicating the theory as un-credential in comparison to other arguments. A consideration of the interpretation for the first view indicates that an event or substance belongs to the interconnection because of the immediate casual effects the substance has on the mind.Advertising We will write a c ustom term paper sample on The Mind and the Body specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The twenty first century philosophers as well as readers may disagree with Descartes theory out of curiosity or opposition to the dualist theory of the body and mind. The philosophy of mind provides phenomenal character in the line of thoughts that provides a wide range of mental events, which keep stringing the difference between the physical events and conscious experiences. Ability to consider the face value of these striking differences calls for support or agreement with the dualism. Today the readers and researchers have some interest on the philosophy of dualism and thus the work of Descartes as the person who represented the tradition to modern philosophy. Literature Review Rene Descartes arguments on mind and body The comparison of the two elements of life seems to be the conflict of the inquiry of whether the mind and the body are distinct subs tances, or they are the same. Arguably, his mind causes the mental state of affairs while body causes the physical state. Then the question is on the correspondence regarding the physical and mental state. The proposal by Rene Descartes’ is a theory of interactions gets the reference with the intention of asserting that the two are distinct states, which interact by mutually influencing over each other as a result of the function of the pineal gland based in the brain (Moyal, 289, 1991). According to Moyal on the theory of Rene Descartes (290, 1990), the mutual gland seems to be the focal point of influence between mind and the body. Scientifically the gland produces a solution: melatonin, which is an important neurotransmitter that assists to regulate sleep and forms part of the brain or body. From the scientific point of view, the Pineal gland is not a bridge between the mind and other special material objects, and therefore it is not a real solution to interaction between the body and mind. Considering various philosophical principals of Descartes, there are many confusing claims regarding body and mind. The claims initially indicates that everything in the world is classifiable into two states namely, thinking and bodily substance. People react by thinking through things and properties while the other side of living comprises of the body and its characteristics such as shape, size, motion or position. Where would we place the emotions, sensations or passions such as joy, sadness, love, pleasure, smell, taste and feeling? The categorization of the aspects fumbles people, making them to wonder how to classify certain features to the union between the mind and body.Advertising Looking for term paper on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Considering Descartes’ definition of substance, in the practicable sense, the substances do not depend on other substances. Although not clearly indicated in the specification that there exist two distinct types of substances into which all other aspects falls into, the Descartes tries to indirectly or implicitly indicate that certain quality or attribute requires a precise substance for existence. For instance, in line with Moyal (293, 1991), this means that each substance exists within a principal attribute that constitute its essence with all the other properties of the substance referencing this attribute. For instance, imagination, sensation and, will are intelligible properties referencing the mind or thinking. According to Descartes’ definitions of the relationships between mind and body, thinking entails understanding, and being in charge of what occurs within. Being aware of the occurrence offers the consideration of ability for existence of meaning, which is a strong indication that there is a connection between thinking and the sensory mechanism. John Locke arguments on mind and body Considering John Locke argument regarding the body and mind, he conveys a constant idea that a human being comprise of the conscious mind and a memory, which can extend to reflect the past as a way of enhancing or finding the personal identity. Through this argument, he does not imply that the human being has the ability to remember each and every minor detail of past experiences, but it means that ability to posses a personal identity can link the conscious understandings to physical state or appearance (Ashcraft, 220, 1991). This is how the conscious mind joins the physical appearance of the body to come together and form the human experience of life. He places the mind and body as material substances, which come together to give one an experience nurturing human identity. According to Ashcraft (221, 1991), on John Locke’s theory, the existence of two material substances in the same mental substance as explained by Rene Descartes is inexistence. He specifies that consciousness unite action in the same physical being. The memory and material experiences are similar in a human being, although it is possible to distinguish consciousness from thinking, such as in the instance of Rene Descartes’ insinuation. In line with Ashcraft (221, 1991), considering Locke’s theory, â€Å"thinking, reflection, memory and, intelligence,† uniquely combine to form the human physique but this cannot occur without the presence of consciousness. Consciousness is therefore a unique attribute in each individual human being meaning that it is not possible to inherit or share another’s body or consciousness. â€Å"There is a huge gap between subjective and objective experience,† (Ashcraft, 220, 1991). Ideally, the investigation pertain the relevance of the physical and mental connection in an individual or consciousne ss. The investigation of how well an objective processes to become subjective is still tentative among many philosophers. According to Ashcraft (221, 1991), considering Locke’s theory, â€Å"subjectivity is the reality and immediacy of individual experience of consciousness, including memory and the capacity for reasoned reflection.† The outside world is independent of the mind. Real sensation comes from the presence of real objects. In line with Locke, the world is made of two kinds of substances namely the soul and body. The body provides an immediate idea of the soul. People understand the bodies through sensation while understand the soul through reflection. Contemplation infests in the soul as material nourishments while the soul is immaterial. From this perception, there is formation of mental operations and spiritual souls. Locke’s theory therefore supports the interaction between the body and the mind as real beings. All the ideas we posses are because o f the actions of the body on the mind. This means that the body acts on the soul causing some changes. He argues out that people’s perception of existence lacks clarity over the reality of existing soul. They tend to be sure of the existing physical body and the soul. The existence of the soul and its related actions is more realistic in nature than the material body. The reality of things regarding material bodies does not exist in the knowledge of the bodies we possess. The knowledge therefore comprises of secondary qualities lacking proper representation of reality (Ashcraft, 220, 1991). The difficulty that Locke lacks solution for regards his perception of the effects on the bodies lacking interference on the mind or consciousness. His theory of representation, which indicates that people perceive the reality of mental images as a representation of the physical substances lacks substantiation. Classification of attributes of life as matter or conscious entities is tricky but the reality is that essence of nature is consciousness regardless of its existence as matter or soul. His conclusion has commonsense attributing to existence of two substances namely mental and material. Material substances are the primary quantities as essentially active elements of matter and embodiments of the secondary qualities. The connection between Locke and Descartes’ theories involves their conclusion over the existence of a third substance form the sense of experiences. The third matter is existence of consciousness as a fundamental premise from which the other aspects derive but remains an indistinct or hazy idea and thus remains enclosed in empirical attributes. Leibnitz arguments on mind and body Considering Leibnitz thesis on mind and body, there is no body-mind interaction, but a formal relationship pertaining harmony, correspondence or parallelism. His contribution spans a number of topics of this philosophy mainly, materialism, interaction between the mi nd and body and idealism. One of the conspicuous topics observes relationship between the body and mind where he denies existence of the interaction but ascertains a pre-established harmony. The earlier discussions of the seventeenth century over the connection between the mind and body spans a great context considered as dualism. This indicated that these are two distinct substances. Leibnitz remains fundamentally opposed to the aspects of dualism indicating his perception of only one substance of life, thus the mind and body comprising of the same substance but metaphysically distinct. His metaphysical assumption is existence of a distinct substance from the body. Certain mental states may coordinate body states and vices versa. Considering Descartes’ perspective, there is an existence of interaction between the body and the mind. According to Jolley (112, 2004), on Leibniz’s theory, no state can influence the other thus the technical denial of inter-substantiation. Every state of a substance emerges from an initial substance and its programming occurs at the initial stages during the creation to ensure conformity to natural states of the preceding events. This is the language of minds and body where the natural states occur in mutual coordination. The reality of metaphysical relationship is the mutual conformity or coordination of mind and body, which seem to be the real casual relationship. Substances may not casually interact, but their state accommodates each other in a way that implies existence of a casual interaction among them. Leibniz’s theory however conforms to existence of mental events, which influence bodily events. â€Å"One particular substance has no physical influence on another †¦ nevertheless, one is quite right to say that my will is the cause of this movement of my arm.† He continues to state that, â€Å"for the one expresses distinctly what the other expresses more confusedly, and one must ascribe the action to the substance whose expression is more distinct.† This is an explanation of what he explains to be metaphysical reality. Every existing substance is available to the entire universe but we only perceive a portion of it distinctly and the rest unconsciously, hence the confusion (Jolley, 112, 2005). The argument is on existence of programmed substances, which are active or passive at the pertinent moment with incidence of real considerable relations. According to Leibniz’s theory, â€Å"nature of an individual substance or of a complete being is to have a notion that is sufficient to contain and to allow us to deduce from it all the predicates of the subject to which this notion is attributed.† The problem with this theory is on the explanation of the complete concept theory where there seem to be an assumption pertaining lack of a genuine possibility over casual determination. His implication is on the existence of casual interaction between two beings, which requires transmission or transposition of the parts. Evidently, Leibniz drew a parallel perception with respect to consciousness. However, he lacks clear distinction between conscious and unconscious vision. He initially has a clear care and uniformity to but his commitment lacks clear justification and perception. The Leibnizian theory only supports perception but at close range, there are fundamental divides between consciousness and unconsciousness. He states, â€Å"Insensible perceptions are as important to [the science of minds, souls, and soul-like substances] as insensible corpuscles are to natural science, and it is just as unreasonable to reject the one as the other on the pretext that they are beyond the reach of our senses† (Jolley, 112, 2005). Mauriee Merleau arguments on mind and body Most philosophers illustrate the attitude that highly portrays rationalism as a problem on assumption that it ignores situations and nature of thoughts by indicating the world as a mere property of the reflecting mind. Merleau arguments on mind and body strongly reject this approach of rationalism/intellectualism. Like Leibnitz, Merleau sets out his points to expose the problematic nature of dualism set by the traditional philosophers regarding the body and mind. He has a strong attention to the significance of the body in connection to the world, self and others. This is a strong emphasis regarding the body’s ability to act independently rather than as influenced by other traits. He picks the problem of dualism in relation to the mind and body as a real problem, because when considering the body as an object links to consideration of the world as objective. Problems regarding the body are general to the whole outside world since it is entirely distinguishable from the philosophical area under discussion (Merleau-Ponty Maurice Baldwin, 72, 2004). Merleau criticizes the, philosophers who tend to ignore the situation regarding the delegation styles regarding contemplation. They disregard the world as an immanent property of a reflecting mind. This is illustrative of the traditional philosopher Descartes when he indicates that he is able to indentify people walking in the streets because of their ability to judge them as real men other than dressed ghosts or dummies. He is able to understand through the sole power of judgement in the mind from what he believes to be passive (Merleau-Ponty Maurice Baldwin, 10, 2004). This is a priority awarded to the mental above the physical state thus the support for dualism. This aspect lacks a touch over the problem of meaningful judgement. Merleau refutes rationalism/intellectualism because of the implication of the cultural world as an illusion due to ignorance of the interconnection between the object and the act. Perception is not because of a single body organ but an act through relevant organs. From the philosophical point of view, Merleau lacks a simpler denial over the subjected co gnitive relationship between the subject and object, but highly wishes to portray them as phenomenological primitive facts concerning body and mind. â€Å"Empiricism cannot see that we need to know what we are looking for, otherwise we would not be looking for it, and intellectualism fails to see that we need to be ignorant of what we are looking for, or equally again we should not be searching† (Merleau-Ponty Maurice Baldwin, 28, 2004). If the philosophers were able to constitute terms of duality relationally, then the philosopher would accept them since it would be a support to the â€Å"inter-individual world.† Merleau would support the relation between subject and object through his suggestion that, â€Å"the demand for a pure description excludes equally the procedure of analytical reflection on the one hand, and that of scientific explanation on the other.† The discovery of the interior concerning the subject and object is achievable through avoidance of some of the earlier philosophical tendencies. In close relation to Merleau-Ponty argument, today there are fundamental arguments forming divergence contained by the body, but indicate lack of thorough perception and subjectivity. If the embodied divergence causes the capacity for perception including language along with reflection, then similar divergence ensures that people are not able to overcome similar divergences entirely. On a different perspective he indicates that people’s â€Å"reflection recuperates everything except itself as an effort of recuperation; it clarifies everything except its own role† (Merleau-Ponty Maurice Baldwin, 72, 2004). Conclusion The counter arguments of dualism focus on quantum physics considering that consciousness and awareness has influence over body cells, which influence behaviour. The support upon consciousness as the key determinant of behaviour is an aspect that seems to sustain dualism where the action of the mind is determine d by the consciousness, but end up blowing it up. This is for the reason that dualism argue for the existence of a soul and the value of freewill to accompany the soul. Dualism supports that the mind works independently because in the cases of damage or alteration of its behaviour, awareness still detects functionality of the brain for instance, an altered personality due to illness. There need not to be any influence over awareness especially in distinction from the sensory organ. Awareness is different from memory or personality thus the fiction behind separation of awareness from the physical body. Work Cited Ashcraft, Richard. â€Å"John Locke: critical assessments, Volume 1.† Routledge Publishers.1991 Jolley, Nicholas. â€Å"Leibniz.† Routledge Publishers, 2005 Merleau-Ponty Maurice Baldwin. â€Å"Merleau-Ponty: basic writings† Routledge Publishers.2004 Moyal, George. â€Å"Rene Descartes: Critical Assessments, Volume 1.† Routledge Publishers.1991 This term paper on The Mind and the Body was written and submitted by user Ariella Mullen to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.